In this paper, we propose theatre-in-the-loop, a framework for developing expressive robot behaviours tailored to artistic performance through a director-guided puppeteering workflow. Leveraging theatrical methods, we use narrative objectives to direct a puppeteer in generating improvised robotic gestures that convey specific emotions. These improvisations are captured and curated to build a dataset of reusable movement templates for standalone playback in future autonomous performances. Initial trials demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, illustrating how the workflow enables precise sculpting of robotic gestures into coherent emotional arcs while revealing challenges posed by the robot's mechanical constraints. We argue that this practice-led framework provides a model for interdisciplinary teams creating socially expressive robot behaviours, contributing to (1) theatre as an interactive training ground for human-robot interaction and (2) co-creation methodologies between humans and machines.

When given a task, an autonomous agent must plan a series of actions to perform in order to complete the goal. In robotics, planners face additional challenges as the domain is typically large (even infinite) continuous, noisy, and non- deterministic. Typically stochastic planning has been used to solve robotic control tasks. Such planners have been very successful in their various domains. The downside to such approaches is that the models and planners are highly specialised to a single control task. To change the control task, requires developing an entirely new planner. The research in my thesis focuses on the problem of specialisation in continuous, noisy and non-deterministic robotic domains by developing a more generic planner. It builds on previous research in the area, specifically using the technique of Multi-Strategy Learning. Qualitative Modelling and Qualitative Reasoning is used to provide the generality, from which specific, Quantitative controllers can be quickly learnt. The resulting system is applied to a real world robotic platform for rough terrain navigation.